GERMINATION CODES

Choosing Seeds to Sow

We advise beginner native seed sowers to start with seeds marked with germination codes A and B.

Seeds with germination codes D, E, F, and G, as well as fern spores can be tricky and take patience; they’re for more experienced native seed sowers. See How to Grow From Seed for detailed instructions.

Your seed packets are marked with a germination code that indicates sowing instructions for the species:

• A Seeds — These seeds do not need a winter cold period to germinate. Sow outdoors in pots from November through April.
• B Seeds — These seeds do need a winter or cold period to germinate. Sow outdoors in pots from November through February.
• C Seeds — These seeds need light to germinate. Sow them on top of the soil’s surface, and leave uncovered.
• D Seeds — Seeds marked with germination code D need an alternating warm-cold-warm cycle to germinate. We recommend that you sow them outdoors in pots from May through June (warm period). They’ll germinate the following year, after a winter (cold period) and then spring (warm period).
• E Seeds — These seeds will not germinate if they dry out. Sow them immediately.
• F Seeds — These seeds have a double dormancy and may take two winters to germinate. Sow outdoors in pots from November through February and look for germination in the second spring.
• G Seeds — These are large seeds that should be soaked overnight in water before sowing.
• Fern Spores — These are quite challenging to sow. Sow spores in a warm, bright location in a sealed container, and keep moist. Further instructions will be enclosed with your package.

If you have questions about seeds and germination guidelines, please contact us.